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Recombinant Human IL-34 (carrier free)
Recombinant Human IL-34 (carrier free)
577902
10 µg
¥38,000
577904
25 µg
¥70,000
577906
100 µg
¥175,000
Product Details
Source:
The human IL-34 (Accession# NM_152456.2: Met1 - Pro242 with a C-terminal 8His tag) was expressed CHO cells.
Reactivity:
Human
Formulation:
0.22 µm filtered protein solution is in 10 mM NaH2PO4, 0.5 M NaCl, pH 7.4.
Endotoxin Level:
Less than 0.01 ng per µg cytokine as determined by the LAL method.
Concentration:
10 -100 µg sizes are bottled at 200 µg/mL.
Storage & Handling:
Unopened vial can be stored at 4°C for three months or from -20°C to -70°C for six months. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. Stock solutions should be prepared at no less than 10 µg/mL in buffer containing carrier protein such as 1% BSA or HSA or 10% FBS. After dilution, the cytokine can be stored at 4°C for one month or from -20°C to -70°C up to 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Activity:
ED50 = 9 - 40 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 0.25 – 1.1 x 105 units/mg, as determined by monocyte cell proliferation induced by IL-34 in a dose dependent manner. The bioactivity is equivalent to competitor reported
Monocyte cell proliferation induced by human IL-34.
Description:
Human IL-34 shares a sequence identity of 99.6%, 72% and 71% with chimpanzee, rat, and mouse IL-34, respectively, on the amino acid level. The IL-34 gene is syntenic in the human, chimpanzee, rat, and mouse genomes. IL-34 has no apparent consensus structural domain or motif, and does not share sequence homology with M-CSF; nevertheless, it binds to the CSFR. These two cytokines are not identical in biological activity and signal activation. IL-34 and CSF show an equivalent ability to support cell growth or survival. However, these cytokines have differing ability to induce the production of chemokines (MCP-1 and eotaxin-2) in primary macrophages, the morphological change in TF-1-fms cells, and the migration of J774A.1 cells. The use of monoclonal antibodies against the CSFR suggests a differential domain binding in the receptor to IL-34 and CSF and, as a result, different bioactivities and signal activation kinetics/strength are produced for these cytokines.
Other Names:
IL34, C16orf77 homolog
Structure:
Homodimer
Distribution:
IL-34 mRNA is expressed in different tissues, including spleen, heart, brain, lung, liver, kidney, thymus, testes, ovary, small intestine, prostate, and colon.
Function:
IL-34 increases monocyte’s viability, induces macrophage proliferation, and synergizes with other cytokines to generate macrophages and osteoclasts from cultured progenitors. IL-34 promotes the formation of the colony-forming unit-macrophage (CFU-M) in human bone marrow culture. IL-34 supports RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by promoting the adhesion and proliferation of osteoclast progenitors. Human IL-34 promotes the osteoclast differentiation from peripheral blood mononucleated cells. In addition, systematic administration of IL-34 to mouse increases the number of CD11b+ cells and reduces bone mass. IL-1β and TNF-α induce the expression of interleukin-34 mRNA in osteoblast. IL-34 is induced in macrophages infected with equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV).
Ligand Receptor:
CSF-1R.
Interaction:
Macrophages, monocytes, myeloid cells.
Antigen References:
1. Clanchy F, et al. 2006. J. Leukoc. Biol. 79:757. 2. Lin H, et al. 2008. Science 320:807. 3. Chihara T, et al. 2010. Cell. Death Differ. 17:1917. 4. Wei S, et al. 2010. J. Leukoc. Biol. 88:495. 5. Eda H, et al. 2010. Rheumatol. Int. epub. 6. Covaleda L, et al. 2010. Virology 397:217. 7. Chen Z, et al. 2011. PLoS One 6:e18689.
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