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Recombinant Human IL-10 (carrier-free)
Recombinant Human IL-10 (carrier-free)
571002
10 µg
$175.00
571004
25 µg
$350.00
571006
100 µg
$1,100.00
571008
500 µg
$2,500.00
Product Details
Source:
Human IL-10, amino acids Ser19-Asn178 (Accession # NM_000572), was expressed in E. coli.
Reactivity:
Human
Formulation:
0.22 µm filtered protein solution is in 10mM NaH2PO4, 150mM NaCl, pH 7.2.
Endotoxin Level:
Endotoxin level is < 0.1 EU/µg (< 0.01ng/µg) protein as determined by the LAL method.
Preparation:
10-100 µg sizes are bottled at 200 µg/mL. 500 µg sizes and larger are bottled at the concentration indicated on the vial.
Storage & Handling:
Unopened vial can be stored at 4°C for three months or -20°C to -70°C for six months. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. Stock solutions should be prepared at no less than 10 µg/mL in buffer containing carrier protein such as 1% BSA or HSA or 10% FBS. For long term-storage, aliquot into polypropylene vials and store in a manual defrost freezer. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Activity:
ED50 = 0.8 - 1.5 ng/ml corresponding to a specific activity of 1.25 - 0.66 x 106 units/mg, as determined by the dose dependent stimulation of MC/9 cell proliferation.
IL-10 was first described as a cytokine that is produced by T helper 2 (Th2)cell clones. It inhibits interferon (IFN)-γ synthesis in Th1 cell, and therefore it was initially called cytokine synthesis inhibiting factor(CSIF). Macrophages are the main source of IL-10 and its secretion can be stimulated by endotoxin (via Toll-like receptor 4, NF-κB dependent), tumor necrosis factor TNF-α (via TNF receptor p55, NF-κB-dependent), catecholamines, and IL-1. IL-10 controls inflammatory processes by suppressing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, as well as antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules in monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells. IL-10 inhibits the production of proinflammatory mediators by monocytes and macrophages such as endotoxin- and IFN-γ-induced release of IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, G-CSF, GM-CSF, and TNF-α. In addition, it enhances the production of anti-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1RA and soluble TNFα receptors. IL-10 inhibits the capacity of monocytes and macrophages to present antigen to T cells. This is realized by down-regulation of constitutive and IFNγ-induced cell surface levels of MHC class II, of costimulatory molecules such as CD86 and of some adhesion molecules such as CD58.
Other Names:
Interleukin-10, B-TCGF, CSIF, TGIF
Distribution:
IL-10 is produce by Th2 cells, macrophages, DCs, B cells, CD8+ T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), Th1 cells and Th17 cells. In addition, IL-10 is expressed by monocytes, B cells, eosinophils, and mast cells.
Function:
IL-10 is an immunoregulatory cytokine. Its main function is the limitation and termination of inflammatory responses and the regulation of differentiation and proliferation of several immune cells such as T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, antigen-presenting cells, mast cells, and granulocytes.
Ligand Receptor:
IL-10 binds to their receptors IL-10R1 and IL-10R2, and initiates a STAT3-dependent signaling cascade.
Interaction:
IL-10R is expressed in monocytes, NK, B and T cells. In addition, Langerhans cells, dermal dendritic cells, eosinophils, mast cells, and endothelial cells can respond to IL-10.
Antigen References:
1. Fiorentino DF, et al.J Exp Med 170:2081-2095 1989. 2. Ho AS, et al.P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:11267-11271 1993. 3. Hart PH, et al.J Immunol 157:3672-3680 1996. 4. Asadullah K, et al.Pharmacol Rev 55:241-269 2003. 5. Mosser DM and Zhang X Immunol Rev 226:205-218 2008. 6. Maynard CL and Weaver CT Immunol Rev 226:219-233 2008.
*These products may be covered by one or more Limited Use Label Licenses (see the BioLegend Catalog or our website, www.biolegend.com/terms). BioLegend products may not be transferred to third parties, resold, modified for resale, or used to manufacture commercial products or to provide a service to third parties without written approval of BioLegend. By use of these products you accept the terms and conditions of all applicable Limited Use Label Licenses. Unless otherwise indicated, these products are for research use only and are not intended for human or animal diagnostic, therapeutic or commercial use.
