Phosphate-buffered solution, pH 7.2, containing no preservative. 0.2 μm filter sterilized. Endotoxin level is < 0.1 EU/μg of the protein (< 0.01 ng/μg of the protein) as determined by the LAL test.
Preparation:
The LEAF™ (Low Endotoxin, Azide-Free) antibody was purified by affinity chromatography.
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage & Handling:
The antibody solution should be stored undiluted at 4 °C. This LEAF™ solution contains no preservative; handle under aseptic conditions.
Each lot of this antibody is quality control tested by immunofluorescent staining with flow cytometric analysis. For immunofluorescent staining, the suggested use of this reagent is ≤ 1.0 µg per 106 cells in 100 µl volume or 100 µl of whole blood. It is recommended that the reagent be titrated for optimal performance for each application.
Application Notes:
Additional reported applications (for the relevant formats) include: Western blotting1, functional assay1-3, and immunohistochemical staining of acetone-fixed frozen or paraffin embedded sections1.
Application References:
1. Brown, J., et al. 2003. J. Immunol. 170:1257. (FC, IHC, WB, FA) 2. Radziewicz, H., et al. 2007. J. Virol. 81:2545. (FA) 3. Nakamoto, N., et al. 2009. PLoS Pathog. 5:e1000313. (FA)
Description:
CD274, also known as PD-L1 and B7-H1, is type I transmembrane glycoprotein that serves as a ligand for CD279 (PD-1). This interaction is believed to regulate the balance between the stimulatory and inhibitory signals needed for responses to microbes and maintenance of self-tolerance. CD274 is involved in the costimulation of T cell proliferation and IL-10 and IFN-g production in an IL-2-dependent and CD279-independent manner. Conflicting data has shown that CD274 can inhibit T cell proliferation and cytokine production, and alternatively, enhance T cell activation.Other studies suggest that CD274 may signal bidirectionally, raising interesting implications for its expression in a wide variety of cell types including T and B cells, antigen-presenting cells, and nonhematopoietic cells.
Other Names:
Programmed cell death ligand 1, B7 homolog 1, B7-H1, PD-L1
Distribution:
T cells, B cells, NK cells, monocytes/macrophages, granulocytes and dendritic cells.
Ligand Receptor:
PD-1 (PDCD1)
Bioactivity/Activities:
CD274 is involved in the costimulatory signal, essential for T lymphocyte proliferation and production of IL10 and IFNG, in an IL2-dependent and a PDCD1-independent manner. Its interaction with PDCD1 inhibit T-cell proliferation and cytokine production.
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