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Phosphate-buffered solution, pH 7.2, containing no preservative. 0.2 μm filter sterilized. Endotoxin level is < 0.1 EU/μg of the protein (< 0.01 ng/μg of the protein) as determined by the LAL test.
Preparation:
The LEAF™ (Low Endotoxin, Azide-Free) antibody was Purified by affinity chromatography.
Concentration:
1.0 mg/ml
Storage & Handling:
The antibody solution should be stored undiluted at 4 °C. This LEAF™ solution contains no preservative; handle under aseptic conditions.
Each lot of this antibody is quality control tested by immunofluorescent staining with flow cytometric analysis. For immunofluorescent staining, the suggested use of this reagent is ≤2.0 µg per million cells in 100 µl volume or 100 µl of whole blood. It is recommended that the reagent be titrated for optimal performance for each application.
COA:
Application Notes:
Application References:
1. Otsuki N, et al. 2006. Biochem. Bioph. Res. Co. 344:1121. 2. Okano M, et al. 2008. Clin. Exp. Allergy 38:1891.
Description:
B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is an Ig superfamily coinhibitory receptor with structural similarity to programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and CTLA-4. BTLA is expressed on B cells, T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, NKT cells, and NK cells. Engagement of BTLA by its ligand Herpes Virus Entry Mediator (HVEM) is critical for negatively regulating immune response. The absence of BTLA with HVEM inhibitory interactions leads to increased experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis severity, enhanced rejection of partially mismatched allografts, an increased CD8+ memory T cell population, increased severity of colitis, reduced effectiveness of T regulatory cells. BTLA takes an important role in the induction of peripheral tolerance of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in vivo. Tolerant T cells have significant up-regulated expression of BTLA compared with effector and naïve T cells. BTLA may cooperate with CTLA-4 and PD-1 to control T cell tolerance and autoimmunity. It has been reported that BTLA may regulate T cell function through binding to B7-H4.
Other Names:
BTLA, B and T lymphocyte attenuator
Structure:
Ig superfamily, with similar structure to CTLA-4 and PD-1
Distribution:
B and T lymphocytes, NK cells and dendritic cells
Function:
Negative regulation of T cell activation, proliferation and cytokine production
Ligand Receptor:
HVEM
Antigen References:
1. Watanabe N, et al. 2003. Nat. Immunol. 4:670. 2. Sun Y, et al. 2009. J. Immunol. 183:1946. 3. Gonzalez LC, et al. 2005. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102:1116.
*These products may be covered by one or more Limited Use Label Licenses (see the BioLegend Catalog or our website, www.biolegend.com/terms). BioLegend products may not be transferred to third parties, resold, modified for resale, or used to manufacture commercial products or to provide a service to third parties without written approval of BioLegend. By use of these products you accept the terms and conditions of all applicable Limited Use Label Licenses. Unless otherwise indicated, these products are for research use only and are not intended for human or animal diagnostic, therapeutic or commercial use.
