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Phosphate-buffered solution, pH 7.2, containing no preservative. 0.2 μm filter sterilized. Endotoxin level is < 0.1 EU/μg of the protein (< 0.01 ng/μg of the protein) as determined by the LAL test.
Preparation:
The LEAF™ (Low Endotoxin, Azide-Free) antibody was Purified by affinity chromatography.
Concentration:
1.0 mg/ml
Storage & Handling:
The antibody solution should be stored undiluted at 4°C. This LEAF™ solution contains no preservative; handle under aseptic conditions.
Each lot of this antibody is quality control tested by immunofluorescent staining with flow cytometric analysis. For immunofluorescent staining, the suggested use of this reagent is ≤0.06 µg per million cells in 100 µl volume or 100 µl of whole blood. It is recommended that the reagent be titrated for optimal performance for each application.
COA:
Application Notes:
Additional reported applications (for relevant formats) include: Immunoprecipitation1,2 and blocking3,5 of OT-I T cell responses in vitro and incidence of cerebral malaria in vivo caused by P. berghei ANKA (PbA) infection.
Application References:
1. Hurchla MA, et al. 2005. J. Immunol. 174:337. (IP FC) 2. Sedy JR, et al. 2005. Nat. Immunol. 6:90. (IP) 3. Lepenies B, et al. 2007. J. Immunol. 179:4093. (Block) 4. Tao R, et al. 2005. J. Immunol. 175:5774. (FC) 5. Albring J, et al. 2010. J. Exp. Med. 207:2551. (Block)
C57BL/6 splenocytes stained with CD45R/B220 (RA3-6B2) PE and purified 6A6 conjugated with Alexa Fluor® 647
B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is an Ig superfamily coinhitory receptor with structural similarity to programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and CTLA-4. BTLA is expressed on B cells, T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, NKT cells, and NK cells. Engagement of BTLA by its ligand Herpes Virus Entry Mediator (HVEM) is critical for negatively regulating immune response. The absence of BTLA with HVEM inhibitory interactions leads to increased experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis severity, enhanced rejection of partially mismatched allografts, an increased CD8+ memory T cell population, increased severity of colitis, reduced effectiveness of T regulatory cells. BTLA takes an important role in the induction of peripheral tolerance of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in vivo. Tolerant T cells have significant up-regulated expression of BTLA compared with effectors and naïve T cells. BTLA may cooperate with CTLA-4 and PD-1 to control T cell tolerance and autoimmunity. It was reported that BTLA may regulate T cell function by binding to B7-H4. But further studies are needed to confirm. The existence of three distinct BTLA alleles was reported. The BTLA antibody reacts only with the C57BL/6 allele of BTLA but not the BALB/c allele of BTLA.
Other Names:
BTLA, B and T lymphocyte attenuator
Structure:
An Ig superfamily coinhitory receptor with structural similarity to programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and CTLA-4.
Distribution:
BTLA is expressed on a wide number of lymphocytes in mice. It is most highly expressed on B cells, followed by CD4+T cells, lower express on CD8+ T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, NKT cells, and NK cells.
Function:
BTLA functions as a negative regulator of T cell activation and proliferation, attenuate B cell proliferation upon associating with its known ligand, Herpes Virus Entry Mediator (HVEM).
Ligand Receptor:
Herpes Virus Entry Mediator (HVEM)
Antigen References:
1. Liu X, et al. 2009. J. Immunol. 182:4516. 2. Miller ML, et al. 2009. J. Immunol. 183:32. 3. Sun Y, et al. 2009. J. Immunol. 183:1946. 4. Vendel AC, et al. 2009. J. Immunol. 182:1509. 5. Watanabe N, et al. 2003. Nat. Immunol. 4:670.
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Purified anti-mouse CD272 (BTLA)
C57BL/6 splenocytes stained with CD45R/B220 (RA3-6B2) PE and CD272 (clone 6A6) Alexa Fluor® 647.
LEAF™ Purified anti-mouse CD272 (BTLA)
C57BL/6 splenocytes stained with CD45R/B220 (RA3-6B2) PE and purified 6A6 conjugated with Alexa Fluor® 647
Alexa Fluor® 647 anti-mouse CD272 (BTLA)
C57BL/6 splenocytes stained with CD45R/B220 (RA3-6B2) PE and 6A6 Alexa Fluor® 647
