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Phosphate-buffered solution, pH 7.2, containing no preservative. 0.2 μm filter sterilized. Endotoxin level is < 0.1 EU/μg of the protein (< 0.01 ng/μg of the protein) as determined by the LAL test.
Preparation:
The LEAF™ (Low Endotoxin, Azide-Free) antibody was Purified by affinity chromatography.
Concentration:
1.0 mg/ml
Storage & Handling:
The antibody solution should be stored undiluted at 4 °C. This LEAF™ solution contains no preservative; handle under aseptic conditions.
Each lot of this antibody is quality control tested by immunofluorescent staining with flow cytometric analysis. For immunofluorescent staining, the suggested use of this reagent is ≤ 2.0 µg per 106 cells in 100 µl volume or 100 µl of whole blood. It is recommended that the reagent be titrated for optimal performance for each application.
COA:
Description:
The human interleukin 21 receptor (IL-21R), is a single pass type I membrane protein and a member of the type I cytokine receptor family. Of the type I cytokine receptors, IL-21R exhibits greatest extracellular homology to the IL-2R beta subunit, i.e., contains one copy of the WSXWS-containing cytokine-binding domain. Intracellular domains of IL-21R include the Box 1 and Box 2 elements which are similar to the IL-9R intracellular region. Upon binding IL-21, the IL-21R forms a heterodimer with the common gamma subunit (CD132) and induces Jak/Stat signaling. IL-21R is expressed on B cells and at various levels on NK and T cells. IL-21 is a potent immunomodulatory cytokine mainly produced by NKT and CD4 T-cells (particularly the inflammatory Th17 subset) and has pleiotropic effects on both innate and adaptive immune responses. These actions include positive effects such as enhanced proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T cells that can destroy virally infected or cancerous cells and direct inhibitory effects on the antigen-presenting function of dendritic cells. It can also be proapoptotic for B cells and NK cells. Recent studies have shown that IL-21 is also an autocrine cytokine that potently induces Th17 differentiation and suppresses Foxp3 expression, and serves as a target for treating inflammatory diseases.
Other Names:
IL-21 Receptor, novel interleukin receptor (NILR)
Structure:
Single pass type I membrane protein, extracellular WSXWS-containing cytokine-binding domain, intracellular Box1 and Box2 domains
Distribution:
B cells, various levels on NK cells and T cells
Ligand Receptor:
IL-21
Antigen References:
1. Parish-Novak J, et al. 2000. Nature 408:57. 2. Ozaki K, et al. 2000. Proc Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 97:11439. 3. Dumoutier L, et al. 2000. Proc Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 97:10144. 4. Asao H, et al. 2001. J. Immunol. 167:1. 5. Parish-Novak J, et al. 2002. J. Leukocyte Biol. 72:856. 6. de Torero D, et al. 2006. Blood 107:3708. 7. Davis ID, et al.2007. Clin Cancer Res. 13:6926. 8. Nurieva R, et al. 2007. Nature 448:4416.
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