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Cytokines and Chemokines |
Soluble mediators such as cytokines and chemokines are important molecules that dictate immune responses. Measurements of these soluble proteins are critical to understanding the extent and direction of immune responses. BioLegend’s ELISA kits provide a reliable method for quantitative measurements of cytokines and chemokines from mouse, rat, and human plasma, serum, or tissue culture supernatants. Using intracellular flow cytometry staining to identify cytokine-producing cells has greatly advanced the study of immune cells. It provides several advantages over other techniques such as ELISPOT, limiting dilution or ELISA; 1) it allows mixed cell populations to be analyzed together in a single sample, 2) allows quantitation of percentages of responding cells, 3) allows for measurement of multiple cytokines simultaneously in individual cells, and 4) allows for simultaneous measurement of other cellular parameters. BioLegend’s specific intracellular cytokine staining antibodies are tested on stimulated cells to verify their usefulness in this application. BioLegend also provides recombinant cytokines for use in ELISAs and bioassays.
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1. Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors |
This graphic displays chemokine receptors and their associated ligands. *Click on the receptor to view BioLegend products. *Mouse over the chemokines to view the common names. *Mouse over the cells to view expressed chemokine receptors. *Click on the cell to find more cell markers. |
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2. Explore our Cytokine and Chemokine tools |
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4. Explore our Cytokine and Chemokine Pathways |
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5. View our Resource Guides and Protocols |
Intracellular Cytokine Staining Resource Guide.
Chemokines and their Receptors Quick Reference Guide.
Stimulation Guide for Intracellular Staining of Cytokine and Chemokines.
Intracellular Cytokine Staining Protocol.
Guide to Cytokine Neutralization with Antibodies.
FAQs
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6. Download our Interactive Human and Mouse CD Molecule Charts |
Interactive Human CD Molecule chart
Interactive Mouse CD Molecule chart
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7. Read the latest articles using BioLegend products |
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1. Respiratory Virus-Induced TLR7 Activation Controls IL-17–Associated Increased Mucus via IL-23 Regulation. Nicholas W. Lukacs, Joost J. Smit, Sumanta Mukherjee, Susan B. Morris, Gabriel Nunez, and Dennis M. Lindell. J. Immunol. Aug 2010; 185: 2231 - 2239. PubMed. |
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2. Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 2 Regulates IL-15–Primed Human NK Cell Function via Control of Phosphorylated Pyk2. Suk Hyung Lee, Sohyun Yun, Zheng-Hao Piao, Mira Jeong, Dong Oh Kim, Haiyoung Jung, Jiwon Lee, Mi Jeong Kim, Mi Sun Kim, Jin Woong Chung, Tae-Don Kim, Suk Ran Yoon, Philip D. Greenberg, and Inpyo Choi. J. Immunol. Jul 2010; 185: 917 - 928. PubMed. |
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3. Cutting Edge: Type I IFN Reverses Human Th2 Commitment and Stability by Suppressing GATA3. Jonathan P. Huber, Hilario J. Ramos, Michelle A. Gill, and J. David Farrar. J. Immunol. Jul 2010; 185: 813 - 817. PubMed. |
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4. Interleukin-33 Induces Protective Effects in Adipose Tissue Inflammation During Obesity in Mice. Ashley M. Miller, Darren L. Asquith, Axel J. Hueber, Lesley A. Anderson, William M. Holmes, Andrew N. McKenzie, Damo Xu, Naveed Sattar, Iain B. McInnes, and Foo Y. Liew. Circ. Res. Jul 2010; 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.218867. PubMed. |
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5. Stimulation of human butyrophilin 3 molecules results in negative regulation of cellular immunity. Hiromichi Yamashiro, Shinji Yoshizaki, Toshimasa Tadaki, Kohji Egawa, and Naohiro Seo. J. Leukoc. Biol. Jul 2010; 10.1189/jlb.0309156. PubMed. |
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View External Resources Page
View Flow Cytometry Resources Page
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ELISA Development Systems Engineered for Sensitive, Precise and Reliable Serum and Plasma Cytokine Quantitation
BioLegend's IL-32αELISA Max™ Sets provide all the time-savings, convenience and performance of a high-end, commercial ELISA kit for a fraction of the price! BioLegend's ELISA Max™ Sets, in two appealing formats, address the need for sensitivity, accuracy, dependability, and versatility of an ELISA development system, while providing maximum cost effectiveness, value, and ease of use.
Both the ELISA Max™ Set Standard and ELISA Max™ Set Deluxe are specifically engineered for accurate recovery and measurement of analytes in complex fluids, such as serum and plasma (as well as activated cell cultures) without any interference by confounding serum factors, such as heterophilic antibody or rheumatoid factor.
ELISA Max™ Set Deluxe includes pre-titrated capture antibody, pre-titrated biotinylated detection antibody, pre-titrated Avidin-HRP, conveniently-sized assay calibration standards, easy-to-follow instructions, as well as, assay diluent, coating buffer, TMB substrate, and even high-affinity binding ELISA plates. Complete and ready to use!
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LEGEND MAX™ Mouse IL-17A ELISA Kit |
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Mouse IL-17A (synonyms include) IL-17, IL-17a, Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen-8 [CTLA-8] is a founding member of the IL-17 family of cytokines. IL-17 is mainly produced by Th17 cells, a small subset of T helper cells. IL-17 exhibits multiple biological activities including the induction of various proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as IL-6, IL-8, G-CSF, GM-CSF, GRO-α, and MCP-1 on a variety of cell types. IL-17 is also involved in the activation of NF-kB and costimulation of T cell proliferation. As a result of these roles, IL-17 has been linked to many immune and autoimmune-related diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, lupus and multiple sclerosis.
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Mouse IL-1ß ELISA MAX™ Deluxe |
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IL-1 refers to two proteins, IL-1α and IL-1β which are the products of distinct genes, but are recognized by the same cell surface receptors. IL-1β is a potent immuno-modulator which mediates a wide range of immune and inflammatory responses including the activation of B and T cells. BioLegend's >Mouse IL-1β ELISA Max™ Set Deluxe are specifically engineered for accurate recovery and measurement of analytes in complex fluids, such as serum and plasma (as well as activated cell cultures) without any interference by confounding serum factors, such as heterophilic antibody or rheumatoid factor.
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PE Anti-human IL-22 , clone BG/IL22 |
IL-22 is a cytokine structurally related to IL-10. Originally identified as a murine gene induced by IL-9 in T and mast cells,IL-22 was initially designated ILTIF (IL-10-related T cell-derived inducible factor). IL-22 belongs to a family of cytokines with limited homology to IL-10, namely IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-24, IL-26, and the IFN-λs, IL-28A, IL-28B and IL-29. Human IL-22 shares 79% amino acid identity with murine IL-22 and 25% identity with human IL-10. IL-22 biological activity is initiated by binding to a cell surface complex composed of IL-22R1 and IL-10R2 receptor chains. Activity is further regulated through interactions with the soluble binding protein, IL-22BP, which shares sequence similarity with an extracellular region of IL-22R1 (sIL-22R1). Both chains of the IL-22R complex belong to the class II CRF. Two types of IL-22 binding receptors have been discovered, a membrane-bound receptor and a soluble receptor, both encoded by different genes. IL-22 is produced by Th17 cells and newly identified Th22 cells. It plays a critical role in mucosal immunity in addition to the deregulated inflammation observed in autoimmune diseases.
Figure Legend: MA+ionomycin-stimulated (6 hours) human peripheral blood lymphocytes were intracellular stained with BG/IL22 PE and CD4 APC
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PE Anti-mouse IL-22, clone Poly5164 |
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IL-22 s a cytokine structurally related to IL-10. Mouse IL-22 consists of 179 amino acids and has a predicted molecular weight of 20 kDa. It is secreted primarily by Th17, Th1, Th2, lymphoid tissue inducer cells (LTi), and subsets of natural killer cells. It has been reported that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression is essential for the production of IL-22 by TCRγδ T cells. AhR activation increases Th17 polarization and induces IL-22 production. IL-22 functions by engaging the heterodimeric IL-22 receptor (IL-22R) complex, consisting of two receptor subunits, IL-22R1 and IL-10Rβ. IL-22 acts on nonhematopoietic tissue cells, such as epithelial cells of the digestive and respiratory systems and karatinocytes of the skin. IL-22 is involved in inflammatory processes such as dermal inflammation, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, hepatitis, and crohn’s disease. Moreover, it plays a critical role in mucosal immunity and wound healing process.
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PE Anti-mouse IL-9, clone RM9A4 |
IL-9 is a potent, T cell-derived, T cell growth factor which can also enhance mast cell activity and IL-3- or IL-4- dependent proliferation of bone marrow-derived mast cells. IL-9 synergizes with erythropoietin to promote erythroid colony formation. IL-9 induces high affinity IgE receptor expression and granzyme A and B in murine T helper clones. The RM9A4 antibody reacts with mouse IL-9.
Figure Legend: FACS sorted naive CD4 T cells (CD44lo, CD25-) were cultured on plates coated with 1 µg/ml anti-CD3 and 10 µg/ml anti-CD28 in the presence of 10 ng/ml IL-4 and 5 ng/ml TGFβ for 3 days. Intracellular staining was performed following a 4h restimulation with PdBU/ionomycin/brefeldin. Data kindly provided by: Dr. Brigitta Stockinger, PhD
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Recombinant Mouse IL-17A/IL-17F Heterodimer (carrier Free) |
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IL-17A/F is part of the IL-17 cytokine family which consists of six structurally related proteins (IL-17A, B, C, D, E, and F). IL-17A is expressed primarily by Th17 cells, a subset of CD4 T cells.IL-17F is most closely related to IL-17A. The two molecules share 50% amino acid sequence homology. Like IL-17A, IL-17F mRNA and protein have been detected in Th17 cells. IL-17F and IL-17A exist as a homodimers, adopting a cysteine knot motif formed through the interactions of four cysteines, one of which is responsible for the interchain bonding. IL-17F and IL-17A can form both homodimeric and heterodimeric proteins when expressed in a recombinant system and all forms of the recombinant proteins have in vitro functional activity. Mouse Th17 cells secret IL-17A/F as well as the homodimers IL-17A and IL-17F. IL-17A/F induces IL-6 and KC (CXCL1) production in mouse fibroblast and macrophages.IL-17A/F signals through IL-17A and TRAF6.
Figure Legend: IL-6 induced by mIL-17A/IL-17F Mon fetal mouse skin fibroblasts.
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