This graphic displays chemokine receptors and their associated ligands. *Click on the receptor to view BioLegend products. *Mouse over the chemokines to view the common names. *Mouse over the cells to view expressed chemokine receptors. *Click on the cell to find more cell markers.

LEGENDplex™ Custom Luminex Panels and Sample Testing
LEGEND MAX™ ELISA Kits with precoated plates
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ELISA Antibody Pairs for Human Cytokines and Chemokines
ELISA Antibody Pairs for Mouse Cytokines and Chemokines
ELISA Antibody Pairs for Rat Cytokines and Chemokines
Antibodies to Human Cytokines and Chemokines
Antibodies to Mouse Cytokines and Chemokines
Antibodies to Rat Cytokines and Chemokines
Antibodies to Human Receptors
Antibodies to Mouse Receptors

Immunologic Networks
TH1 Cell Pathway
TH2 Cell Pathway
TH17 Cell Pathway
Chemokine Signaling
IL-1 Signaling Pathway
IL-2 Signaling Pathway
IL-4 Signaling Pathway
IL-6 Signaling Pathway
IL-10 Signaling Pathway
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Intracellular Cytokine Staining Resource Guide.
Chemokines and their Receptors Quick Reference Guide.
Stimulation Guide for Intracellular Staining of Cytokine and Chemokines.
Intracellular Cytokine Staining Protocol.
Guide to Cytokine Neutralization with Antibodies.
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Interactive Human CD Molecule chart

Interactive Mouse CD Molecule chart

1. CD44 costimulation promotes FoxP3+ regulatory T cell persistence and function via production of IL-2, IL-10, and TGF-beta.Bollyky PL, Falk BA, Long SA, Preisinger A, Braun KR, Wu RP, Evanko SP, Buckner JH, Wight TN, Nepom GT.J. Immunol. Aug, 2009; 183:2232-41. PubMed

2. Down-regulation of CXCR4 and CD62L in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells is triggered by B-cell receptor ligation and associated with progressive disease.Vlad A, Deglesne PA, Letestu R, Saint-Georges S, Chevallier N, Baran-Marszak F, Varin-Blank N, Ajchenbaum-Cymbalista F, Ledoux D. Cancer Res. Aug, 2009; 69:6387-95. PubMed

3. CD19, a response regulator of B lymphocytes, regulates wound healing through hyaluronan-induced TLR4 signaling. Iwata Y, Yoshizaki A, Komura K, Shimizu K, Ogawa F, Hara T, Muroi E, Bae S, Takenaka M, Yukami T, Hasegawa M, Fujimoto M, Tomita Y, Tedder TF, Sato S.Am J. Pathol. Aug, 2009; 175:649-60. PubMed

4. Lethal effect of CD3-specific antibody in mice deficient in TGF-beta1 by uncontrolled flu-like syndrome. Perruche S, Zhang P, Maruyama T, Bluestone JA, Saas P, Chen W. J. Immunol. Jul, 2009; 183:953-61. PubMed

5. Gene disruption study reveals a nonredundant role for TRIM21/Ro52 in NF-kappaB-dependent cytokine expression in fibroblasts. Yoshimi R, Chang TH, Wang H, Atsumi T, Morse HC 3rd, Ozato K. J. Immunol. Jun, 2009; 182:7527-38. PubMed

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Mouse IL-17A (synonyms include IL-17, IL-17a, Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen-8 [CTLA-8]) is a founding member of the IL-17 family of cytokines. IL-17 is mainly produced by Th17 cells, a small subset of T helper cells. IL-17 exhibits multiple biological activities including the induction of various proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as IL-6, IL-8, G-CSF, GM-CSF, GRO-α, and MCP-1 on a variety of cell types. IL-17 is also involved in the activation of NF-kB and costimulation of T cell proliferation. As a result of these roles, IL-17 has been linked to many immune and autoimmune-related diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, lupus and multiple sclerosis.

IL-1 refers to two proteins, IL-1α and IL-1β which are the products of distinct genes, but are recognized by the same cell surface receptors. IL-1β is a potent immuno-modulator which mediates a wide range of immune and inflammatory responses including the activation of B and T cells. BioLegend's Mouse IL-1β ELISA Max™ Set Deluxe are specifically engineered for accurate recovery and measurement of analytes in complex fluids, such as serum and plasma (as well as activated cell cultures) without any interference by confounding serum factors, such as heterophilic antibody or rheumatoid factor.

IL-22 is a cytokine structurally related to IL-10. Originally identified as a murine gene induced by IL-9 in T and mast cells,IL-22 was initially designated ILTIF (IL-10-related T cell-derived inducible factor). IL-22 belongs to a family of cytokines with limited homology to IL-10, namely IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-24, IL-26, and the IFN-λs, IL-28A, IL-28B and IL-29. Human IL-22 shares 79% amino acid identity with murine IL-22 and 25% identity with human IL-10. IL-22 biological activity is initiated by binding to a cell surface complex composed of IL-22R1 and IL-10R2 receptor chains. Activity is further regulated through interactions with the soluble binding protein, IL-22BP, which shares sequence similarity with an extracellular region of IL-22R1 (sIL-22R1). Both chains of the IL-22R complex belong to the class II CRF. Two types of IL-22 binding receptors have been discovered, a membrane-bound receptor and a soluble receptor, both encoded by different genes. IL-22 is produced by Th17 cells and newly identified Th22 cells. It plays a critical role in mucosal immunity in addition to the deregulated inflammation observed in autoimmune diseases.

IL-9 is a potent, T cell-derived, T cell growth factor which can also enhance mast cell activity and IL-3- or IL-4- dependent proliferation of bone marrow-derived mast cells. IL-9 synergizes with erythropoietin to promote erythroid colony formation. IL-9 induces high affinity IgE receptor expression and granzyme A and B in murine T helper clones. The RM9A4 antibody reacts with mouse IL-9.

IL-17A/F is part of the IL-17 cytokine family which consists of six structurally related proteins (IL-17A is expressed primarily by Th17 cells, a subset of CD4 T cells.IL-17F is most closely related to IL-17A. The two molecules share 50% amino acid sequence homology. Like IL-17A, IL-17F mRNA and protein have been detected in Th17 cells. IL-17F and IL-17A exist as a homodimers, adopting a cysteine knot motif formed through the interactions of four cysteines, one of which is responsible for the interchain bonding. IL-17F and IL-17A can form both homodimeric and heterodimeric proteins when expressed in a recombinant system and all forms of the recombinant proteins have in vitro functional activity. Mouse Th17 cells secret IL-17A/F as well as the homodimers IL-17A and IL-17F. IL-17A/F induces IL-6 and KC (CXCL1) production in mouse fibroblast and macrophages.IL-17A/F signals through IL-17A and TRAF6.

TNF-α is secreted by macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, T-cells (principally CD4+), and NK-cells. Many transformed cell lines also secrete TNF-α. Monomeric mouse TNF-α is 156 amino acid protein (N-glycosylated) with a reported molecular weight of 17.5 kD protein. TNF-α forms multimeric complexes; stable trimers are most common in solution. A 26 kD membrane form of TNF-α has also been described. TNF-α binding to surface receptors elicits a wide array of biologic activities including: cytolysis and cytostasis of many tumor cell lines in vitro, hemorraghic necrosis of tumors in vivo, increased fibroblast proliferation, and enhanced chemotaxis and phagocytosis in neutrophils. This TNF-α protein is biologically active, and can be used for in vitro assays, blocking purposes, and ELISA.